Psilocybe brunneocystidiata

Psilocybe brunneocystidiata Guzmán & Horak



Macroscopic feat.:
  • Cap/Pileus: (3-) 9-40 diam., conical (when young) to convex or expanded but always with sharp conical papilla, hygrophanous, brown to yellowish brown or stramineous, dry, smooth except of white dense fibrillose squamules from the veil, striate towards the margin.
  • Gills/Lamellae: Lamellae broadly adnate to subdecurrent, distant, beige to cocoa brown, edge albofimbriate.
  • Stem/Stipe: 10-40 x 1-2 mm, cylindrical, equal, central, flexuos, dry, hollow, fragile, concolorous with pileus, covered with white squamules from the veil, forming fibrillose subannulus, apex pruinose.
  • Context: Pale brown in pileus and stipe.
  • Odor: And taste subfarinaceous.

Microscopic feat.:
  • Basidio/Spores: Spore print dark brown. (5-) 6-6.5 (-7) x 5.5-6 x 3.8-4.5 µm, subrhombic (dorsoventral) or subelliptical (lateral), yellowish brown (KOH), broad flattened germ pore present, smooth.
  • Basidia: 18-24 x 4.5-6 µm, hyaline (KOH), subvesiculose, occasionally with median constriction, 4-spored, sterigma 2-4 (-7) µm long.
  • Pleurocistidia: 20-33 x 6.5-9 (-11) µm, hyaline but some brownish (KOH), ventricose-papillate, apical papilla 2-3.5 µm diam.
  • Cheilocystidia: 10-20 x 3-5 µm, 1-2.5 µm at apex, hyaline (KOH), polymorphous (ventricose-rostrate, clavate, strangulate or mucronate), forming sterile band along gill edge.
  • Subhymenium: Of irregular cells, conspicuously encrusted with yellow (KOH) pigment.
  • Trama: Regular, consisting of elongate cylindrical hyphae 4.5-8 µm, diam., pigmented like subhymenium.
  • Epicutis: A cutis of more or less gelatinized cylindrical hyphae, encrusted with yellow pigment. Subcuticular hyphae like those of the trama. Clamp connections present.

Habitat: Gregarious or cespitose on rotten wood in subtropical forests. Known hosts Castanopsis acuminatissima and Nothofagus spp. Reported from Papua New Guinea only. 500-2000 m a. s. l.

Studied material: PAPUA NEW GUINEA, Morobe district: Bulolo, Manki; 13. III. 1972, leg. HORAK (Holotype ZT, 27/212; isotype ENCB) - Bulolo, Heads Hump; 2. XI. 1971, leg. HORAK (ZT, 71/226).

Discussion: This fungus is closely related to the hallucinogenic and lignicolous Psilocybe yungensis SINGER & SMITH described from Bolivia (SINGES & SMITH, 1958) and reported also from Mexico (HEIM & WASSON, 1958); furthermore it is close to Psilocybe mammillata (Murill) SMITH, a native species from Jamaica (MURILL, 1918). Psilocybe brunneocystidiata a differs from the before mentioned two taxa in the brown pleurocystidia and in the well developed veil remnants forming the distinct subpersistent subannulus. Obvious relationships also can be traced to several species recently described by GUZMÁN (1977) from tropical forests in Mexico (Psilocybe naematolomiformis, Psilocybe singerii, Psilocybe uxpanapensis and Psilocybe weldenii). All these Mexican species have brown pleurocystidia but are separated from Psilocybe brunneocystidiata by different cheilocystidia. From the taxonomical point of view brown coloured pleurocystidia as observed in some tropical species are considered as a primitive character in Psilocybe (Guzmán 1977).

source - www.sydowia.at [31: 45-47]

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